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International Journal of Plant Based Pharmaceuticals
e‑ISSN 2791-7509 Open Access · CC BY 4.0
Vol. 4 · Issue 2 · 2024 Jun 16, 2024 Reviews

Echinacea purpurea: An overview of mechanism, efficacy, and safety in pediatric upper respiratory infections and otitis media

TV
Thi-Mai-Hoa Vu Duy Tan University, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, K25YDH1, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam Viet Nam
TH
Thi-Van Hoang China Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Taichung 406040, Taiwan Taiwan, Province of China
TN
Thi-Quynh-Huong Nguyen Phuc Hung Private General Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Quang Ngai, 570000, Vietnam Viet Nam
PD
Pham-Minh-Khue Doan Duy Tan University, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, K27YDH1, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam Viet Nam
TN
Thi-Thuy-Duong Nguyen Duy Tan University, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, K28YDH3, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam Viet Nam
TB
Thi-Thu-Thuy Bui Duy Tan University, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, K28YDH1, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam Viet Nam
CN
Chi-Cong Nguyen Phong Dat International Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam Viet Nam
HT
Hong-Duyen Tran Duy Tan University, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, K25MPM, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam Viet Nam
TP
Thi-Phuong-Thao Pham HerbiTech Co. Ltd., Research and Development Department, Ha Noi 100000, Vietnam Viet Nam
HH
Hai-Anh Ha Corresponding Duy Tan University, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam hahaianh@dtu.edu.vn Viet Nam
Pages90-100 PublishedJun 16, 2024 LicenseOpen Access
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VOL 4 · ISS 2 · 2024 View issue

Abstract

Pediatric upper respiratory infections (URIs) and otitis media (OM) significantly impact the health of children globally. Echinacea purpurea, known for its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, has been historically used to treat various ailments, suggesting its potential as an adjunctive treatment in pediatric respiratory conditions. This narrative review synthesizes literature from January 2000 to December 2023 on the efficacy and safety of E. purpurea in treating pediatric URIs, including OM. It focuses on clinical trials and empirical studies that explore the mechanisms of action, such as the modulation of cytokine production, inhibition of NF-κB signaling, and antimicrobial effects. The analysis reveals mixed outcomes regarding the efficacy of E. purpurea in pediatric populations, attributed partly to variability in study designs and lack of standardized treatment protocols. While some studies report reduced severity and duration of respiratory symptoms, others indicate minimal or no significant difference compared to placebo. The review also highlights the need for specifically designed products that cater to the unique physiological and metabolic needs of children. Rigorous, well-designed clinical trials are crucial for establishing clear guidelines on the use of E. purpurea in pediatric respiratory care, ensuring its safe and effective application in improving health outcomes for children.

Keywords

#Echinacea purpurea #Pediatric URI #Pediatric OM #Otitis media

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