Biological activities and DNA interactions of aqueous extract of Phlomis linearis (Boiss. & Bal.)

Betül Aydın; Lütfiye Yasemin Gönder; Nebahat Aytuna Çerçi; Yiğit Can Ateş; İlayda Sezin Yalçınkaya; Nüveyre Canbolat; Leyla Açık; Nurcan Karacan; Emine Akyüz Turumtay; Halbay Turumtay

doi:10.29228/ijpbp.19

Authors

Betül Aydın Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9092-1350
Lütfiye Yasemin Gönder The Turkish Sugar Authority, Ankara, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-3364
Nebahat Aytuna Çerçi Kırıkkale University, Scientific and Technological Research Application and Research Center, Kırıkkale, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7864-7213
Yiğit Can Ateş Koç University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, İstanbul, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4564-987X
İlayda Sezin Yalçınkaya Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8746-2528
Nüveyre Canbolat Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4466-4602
Leyla Açık Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3672-8429
Nurcan Karacan Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9273-7987
Emine Akyüz Turumtay Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rize, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1504-4810
Halbay Turumtay Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Technology, Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Trabzon, Türkiye https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-8103

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29228/ijpbp.19

Keywords:

Phlomis linearis, Biological activity, Cytotoxicity, DNA interaction, Molecular docking

Abstract

Phlomis linearis Boiss. & Bal. of the Lamiaceae family is one of the endemic species in Turkey, i.e., growing in the east, central, and southeast parts of Anatolia and used for herbal tea. This study was designed to identify the biochemical and bioactivity properties of this endemic species by DPPH scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, total phenolic content, HPLC-DAD analysis, and MTT assay. Furthermore, the plant extract was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi by using the microdilution method. The interactions between extract and plasmid DNA and their restriction endonuclease reactions were investigated by agarose gel electrophoresis. To support our hypothesis, we performed a molecular docking analysis. The DPPH scavenging activity of the plant extract was 53.86 ± 0.50 µg/ml in terms of IC₅₀ value. The IC₅₀ value of the plant extract was determined as 14.71 ± 4.01 mg/ml for metal chelating assay. The phenolic content of the extract was 231.55 ± 2.11 mg/g dry weight expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE). HPLC-DAD results revealed that the phenolic compounds were mainly derivatives of rosmarinic acid, chlorogenic acid, luteolin, luteolin-7-glycoside, luteolin derivatives, rutin derivatives, and apigenin derivatives. Besides, the cytotoxic activity of the plant extract against L929 fibroblast, H1299 non-small-cell lung carcinoma, and Caco-2 colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines was determined by MTT assay. Phenolic content and molecular docking results correlated with each other.

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