Exploring the therapeutic potential of silver nanocomposition of Catharanthus roseus leaves extract for antimicrobial and antiviral activities: A pilot study

Rohini Joshi; Shiva Aithal; Ashwini More; Vijay Nema; Anupam Mukherjee

doi:10.62313/ijpbp.2024.217

Authors

Rohini Joshi Dyanopasak Shikshan Mandal, Department of Microbiology, Parbhani 431401, MH, India https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0176-4764
Shiva Aithal Dyanopasak Shikshan Mandal, Department of Microbiology, Parbhani 431401, MH, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4769-2150
Ashwini More ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, MH, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6300-383X
Vijay Nema ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, MH, India https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6420-9397
Anupam Mukherjee ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune 411026, MH, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0612-2258

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62313/ijpbp.2024.217

Keywords:

Catharanthus roseus, Silver nanoparticles, Antibacterial, Antifungal, Anti-HIV activity

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from natural sources offer promising solutions for combating microbial and viral infections. Catharanthus roseus (Periwinkle), renowned for its diverse pharmacological properties, provides a sustainable and eco-friendly method for producing AgNPs with significant antimicrobial and antiviral effects. This study explores the cytotoxic potential of AgNPs derived from C. roseus and their antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-HIV activities, highlighting the novelty of employing a green synthesis approach. AgNPs from C. roseus leaf extract (AgNP-CR) were synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic and microscopic techniques to determine their physicochemical properties. The antibacterial activity of AgNP-CR was assessed against clinically relevant bacterial strains, and antifungal activity was evaluated against common fungal pathogens. Additionally, anti-HIV activity was investigated through in vitro assays using HIV-infected cells. Results demonstrated significant antibacterial activity of AgNP-CR against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, AgNP-CR exhibited antifungal activity against pathogenic Aspergillus species. Importantly, AgNP-CR showed promising anti-HIV activity by inhibiting viral replication and cytopathic effects in infected cells. Cytotoxicity assays were also conducted to ensure the safety profile of the nanoparticles. Overall, this pilot study underscores the therapeutic potential of AgNPs synthesized from C. roseus in addressing bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Further research is warranted to elucidate their mechanisms of action and optimize formulations for clinical applications.

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